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Home > Mall Dynamic > How Does A Solenoid Valve Work? - What Is A Solenoid Valve
Solenoid valve has a closed chamber, open a hole in different positions, each hole is connected to a different tubing, the middle of the cavity is a piston, two sides are two electromagnets, which side of the magnet coil energized valve body will be attracted to which side, by controlling the movement of the valve body to open or close different oil discharge holes, and the oil inlet hole is usually open, hydraulic oil will enter a different oil discharge pipe, Then through the pressure of the oil to push the piston of the cylinder, the piston in turn drives the piston rod, the piston rod drives the mechanical device. In this way, mechanical motion is controlled by controlling the current of the electromagnet.
It is an automatic basic component used to control the direction of the fluid, belonging to the actuator; Usually used in mechanical control and industrial valves, through an electromagnetic coil to control the position of the valve core, cut off or connect the air source to achieve the purpose of changing the direction of fluid flow, to control the direction of the medium, so as to achieve the control of the valve switch.
The solenoid valve is composed of several gas paths and spool, and the spool connects or disconnects each gas path.
Working principle: In the pneumatic circuit, the role of the electromagnetic control reversing valve is to control the flow channel, break or change the direction of the compressed air flow. The main working principle is to use the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil to promote the switching of the valve core and realize the reversal of the air flow.
According to the different ways of driving the reversing valve in the electromagnetic control part, it can be divided into direct-acting solenoid valves and pilot-operated solenoid valves. The direct-acting solenoid valve directly uses the electromagnetic force to drive the spool reversing, while the pilot valve uses the pilot pressure output of the electromagnetic pilot valve to drive the spool reversing.
Basic structure of solenoid valve: including one or several holes of the valve body. The valve body part is composed of a spool, a spool sleeve, a spring base, etc., when the coil is powered on or off, to achieve the purpose of changing the direction of the fluid. The electromagnetic parts of the solenoid valve are composed of fixed iron core, moving iron core, coil and other components, and the operation of the moving iron core will cause the fluid to pass through the valve body or be cut off.
Solenoid valves are generally divided into direct acting solenoid valves and pilot operated solenoid valves.
Direct-acting solenoid valve: the electromagnetic force is directly used to push the solenoid valve spool to realize the on-off between the gas paths;
Pilot-operated solenoid valve: under the action of electromagnetic force, the pilot valve is opened first, so that the gas enters the solenoid valve spool air chamber, and the air pressure is used to promote the solenoid valve spool to achieve the on-off between the gas paths.
The solenoid valve has several gas paths, and the spool has several positions, such as: 2-bit 3-pass, 2-bit 4-pass, 2-bit 5-pass, 3-bit 5-pass, etc.; Solenoid valve is divided into single electronic control and double electronic control, voltage 220V, 110V, 24V; Solenoid valves are explosion-proof and non-explosion-proof.
The intelligent solenoid valve mainly refers to how the solenoid valve can better cooperate with the intelligent instrument to improve the control accuracy and reliability of the system.
It is generally believed that positional adjustment is difficult to achieve very high precision, but in many cases, the appropriate way can achieve the required high precision, and greatly save costs.
It is reported that there has been a solenoid valve in China that can completely change the traditional analog control mode, and can be completely controlled by fieldbus or PC. Some products can be applied to traditional production occasions with large flow requirements or completely controlled by digital signal feedback to the pressure proportional valve to achieve accurate control; Even some product design can meet the requirements of customers for high flow, rapid reaction speed, accurate repeatability and so on.
The successful application of fieldbus technology in industrial process control is due to the development of a solenoid valve that outputs the valve position signal, and its switching quantity directly enters the remote IO control box. The analog signal is also converted locally into a digital quantity via the AD template and transmitted via the fieldbus cable
PLC. The visualization of the working process is realized, which is convenient for monitoring and automatic alarm can be generated when abnormal is found.
Moreover, in terms of pipeline configuration, it has a combined solenoid valve, a double solenoid valve, a multi-way solenoid valve, and a three-way solenoid valve. This enables intelligent control to be carried out conveniently and effectively. In terms of maintenance and repair, the multi-functional solenoid valve can isolate itself, and the solenoid valve can be repaired online under the normal operation of the entire production system, which greatly improves the operating efficiency of the equipment.
"Miniaturization" is a trend in the development of solenoid valve technology, which is also the inevitable requirement of lightweight equipment for solenoid valves. Solenoid valve miniaturization can not only reduce unnecessary waste of resources, but also reduce equipment investment.
The miniaturization of the solenoid valve does not mean that the flow rate is sacrificed. The development of miniaturization of solenoid valves is based on the premise of constant flow - which raises further lessons for solenoid valve research. This involves the technology of electromagnetic head and the scientific flow channel. When the thrust of the moving core is unchanged, the volume of the electromagnetic head is reduced on a large scale, which provides the possibility for the miniaturization and energy saving of the solenoid valve. It is worth mentioning that the development of modern microelectronics technology has become a factor that cannot be ignored in the promotion of "electromagnetic head" technology.
The extension of the service life of the solenoid valve is not a new issue. The industry that has a demand for solenoid valves has never stopped the pursuit of extending its service life. In recent years, the continuous introduction of new materials and manufacturing processes has made it possible to greatly improve the life of the solenoid valve, and to maximize the friction between the spore and the sleeve of the main valve.
In the great development of society today, the standards of each industry have been improved to different degrees, including the degree of cleanliness and temperature requirements. These two requirements are mandatory in some industries. For example, micro-processing industry and hemodialysis, biologics, pharmaceuticals and other industries closely related to human health, "dust" must not be allowed to appear. Obviously, as a component used in these industries, solenoid valves must consider the elements of cleanliness and temperature when they are designed and produced.
Solenoid valve is by the movement of the spool to switch the flow channel or change the effective area of the flow channel to control the direction of the fluid, flow and pressure, the friction and impact of the spool in the process of movement will inevitably produce particles; Recently, in order to improve the life of the solenoid valve, the friction pair between the spool and the valve sleeve often needs grease to be lubricated, which undoubtedly brings another particle source: grease.
It is reported that ultra-clean solenoid valves have appeared. It can successfully avoid contamination of the controlled fluid, while the temperature rise is only 1 ° C, effectively avoiding the impact on the constant temperature environment and special fluid properties.
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