High-Voltage Electrical Test Site: Which Types OF High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Can Be Divided Into? What Are The Characteristics OF Each?

High-voltage circuit breakers are usually classified according to the arc extinguishing medium, which can be divided into six types: oil circuit breakers, sulfur hexafluoride circuit breakers, vacuum circuit breakers, air circuit breakers, solid gas circuit breakers and magnetic blow circuit breakers.

1, oil circuit breaker Oil circuit breaker refers to a kind of switching equipment with sealed insulating oil as the extinguishing medium for breaking the fault. According to the amount of oil and the function of the oil, the oil circuit breaker can be divided into two categories: more oil and less oil. The oil of the multi-oil circuit breaker is used as an arc extinguishing medium on the one hand, and as an arc gap insulating medium after the contact is broken and the insulating medium between the live part and the grounding shell on the other hand. Because of its oil consumption, the amount of metal consumed is relatively large, and the safety performance is poor, it has been relatively rare on the market. Less oil circuit breaker, as the name suggests, requires a small amount of oil, the oil only as an arc extinguishing medium, its housing is usually charged.

2, sulfur hexafluoride circuit breaker Sulfur hexafluoride circuit breaker is a circuit breaker using sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas as an arc extinguishing medium and insulating medium, referred to as SF6 circuit breaker. The circuit breaker using SF6 gas as the arc extinguishing medium has excellent arc extinguishing and insulation performance, its breaking ability is strong, small size, but because of the complex structure, consumables and high price, it is only widely used in the medium voltage power supply line in Guangdong.

3, vacuum circuit breaker Vacuum circuit breaker is the use of vacuum high dielectric strength to extinguish the arc of the circuit breaker, with the arc extinguishing speed, long life, light weight, small size and other advantages, in the distribution network application is more popular.

4, air circuit breaker Air circuit breaker, also known as compressed air circuit breaker, is the use of pre-stored compressed air to quench the arc of the circuit breaker. Its arc extinguishing ability is strong, break capacity is large, rapid action, but the structure is complex, more consumables, but also need to install compressed air system and other auxiliary equipment, usually only used in 110kV and above large capacity power system.

5, solid gas circuit breaker Solid gas circuit breaker, under the action of high arc temperature, the gas generated by the decomposition of solid gas material is used as the circuit breaker of arc extinguishing medium.

6, magnetic blow circuit breaker The principle of magnetic blow circuit breaker is to use the electromagnetic force generated by the large current flowing through itself to rapidly elongate the arc and inhale the magnetic arc quenching room cooling out. Magnetic blown circuit breakers operate safely and maintain easily, but compared with other circuit breakers, their structure is complex, large volume and high cost, and they are generally only suitable for voltage levels below 20 kV.