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Home > Mall Dynamic > What Is An Electrolytic Capacitor And How Does Its Symbol Work
Electrolytic capacitor is a kind of capacitor, the metal foil is positive (aluminum or tantalum), and the oxide film close to the metal (aluminum oxide or tantalum pentoxide) is the dielectric, the cathode is composed of conductive materials, electrolytes (electrolytes can be liquid or solid) and other materials, because the electrolyte is the main part of the cathode, electrolytic capacitor so named.
Electrolytic capacitor is a kind of capacitor, the metal foil is positive (aluminum or tantalum), and the oxide film close to the metal (aluminum oxide or tantalum pentoxide) is the dielectric, the cathode is composed of conductive materials, electrolytes (electrolytes can be liquid or solid) and other materials, because the electrolyte is the main part of the cathode, electrolytic capacitor so named. At the same time, the positive and negative electrolytic capacitors cannot be connected incorrectly
Aluminum electrolytic capacitors can be divided into four categories:
1. Lead type aluminum electrolytic capacitor;
2. Horn type aluminum electrolytic capacitor;
3. Bolted aluminum electrolytic capacitor;
4. Solid aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
1. The capacitance per unit volume is very large, dozens to hundreds of times larger than other types of capacitors.
2. The rated capacity can be very large, which can easily be tens of thousands of μf or even a few f (but cannot be compared with the double electric layer capacitance).
3, the price has an overwhelming advantage over other types, because the composition of electrolytic capacitors are ordinary industrial materials, such as aluminum and so on. The equipment for manufacturing electrolytic capacitors is also ordinary industrial equipment, which can be mass-produced and the cost is relatively low.
Electrolytic capacitors are usually made of metal foil (aluminum/tantalum) as a positive electrode, and the insulating oxide layer of metal foil (alumina/tantalum pentaoxide) as a dielectric. Electrolytic capacitors are divided into aluminum electrolytic capacitors and tantalum electrolytic capacitors according to their positive electrodes. The negative electrode of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is composed of thin paper/film or electrolyte polymer soaked in electrolyte liquid (liquid electrolyte); The negative electrode of tantalum electrolytic capacitors is usually manganese dioxide. Because the electrolyte is used as a negative electrode (note that the dielectric distinction), the electrolytic capacitor is named.
Polar electrolytic capacitors usually play the role of power supply filtering, decoupling, signal coupling and time constant setting, DC isolation in power supply circuits or intermediate frequency and low frequency circuits. Generally can not be used for AC power supply circuit, in the DC power supply circuit as a filter capacitor, the anode (positive) should be connected with the positive terminal of the power supply voltage, the cathode (negative) and the negative terminal of the power supply voltage are connected, can not be reversed, otherwise it will damage the capacitor.
Non-polar electrolytic capacitors are usually used in speaker divider circuit, TV S correction circuit and single-phase motor starting circuit.
Electrolytic capacitors are widely used in household appliances and various electronic products, with a large capacity range, generally 1~33000μF, and a rated operating voltage range of 6.3~700V. Its disadvantages are medium loss, large capacity error (maximum allowable deviation of +100%, -20%), poor high temperature resistance, long storage time easy to fail.
The polarity of the electrolytic capacitor, pay attention to the side of the electrolytic capacitor has "-" is a negative electrode, "+" is a positive electrode, if the electrolytic capacitor is not marked positive and negative, it can also be judged according to the length of its pin, the long foot is a positive electrode, the short foot is a negative electrode
capsun and TDK developed YDK-700V capacitor material used for 820V has been applied to Japan capsun Group audio, which is very epoch-making significance, which means that 380V rectifier out of 537V no longer need two 400V to series. In the future, the performance of aluminum electrolytic capacitors will further develop with the progress of science and technology. 700V100uf's regular capacitance volume is usually 35*80-100MM or 50*80-96MM at around $22.
Used in the world's top capsun, YAMAHA audio is widely exported to high-end hotels in Europe and the United States, the price of 1200 US dollars to millions of dollars a set of audio is expensive, mostly used in noble families and hotels. Small size and large capacity supercapacitors are also gradually being developed.
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