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Home > Mall Dynamic > What Is A CPU? What About Its Specifications? What Does Cpu Stand For?
"Which processor should I choose?" "Too many CPU choices, I don't know where to start?" It's not surprising that many people encounter these issues when buying a computer. Because everyone's computer habits, software and budget are different, to find the best processor for you, you first need to understand your needs.
Choosing the right processor can lead to the ultimate gaming experience, smoother graphics performance, or a more efficient creative flow. In this article, we will briefly explain the definition of a CPU processor and tell you the details you need to pay attention to to help users find the best processor for them.
CPU, the full name of the English Central Processing Unit, Chinese called "central processing unit", is one of the most important hardware components of the computer, you can think of it as the "brain" of the computer, the main job is to execute and process all computer instructions and operations.
The performance of a processor depends primarily on its pulse speed (the number of instructions that can be processed per second), the number of cores (the number of tasks that can be processed simultaneously), and the processor architecture (the design of the instruction set and microarchitecture).
Cpus are used in a wide range of applications, from desktop computers and laptops, to smartphones and tablets, to servers, barcode scanners, and even vehicles and household appliances in our daily lives. Therefore, the CPU is not only the core of the computer,
but also an indispensable hardware component in modern scientific and technological life.
CPU is mainly divided into two categories: Intel and AMD, Intel is stable and easy to use; AMD performance is not weak and pays more attention to cost performance. China also has the production of cpus such as dragon core and mega core, but now the performance is still in its infancy.
Intel mainly Core i3, i5, i7, i9 series;
AMD has Ryzen R3, R5, R7, R9 series.
i3 marks the low end; The i5 marks the mid-range range, while the i7 and i9 mark the high-end range.
The processing flow of the CPU can be reduced to four basic steps, which make up a process called the "instruction cycle".
1. Fetch Instruction
When we input information from an input device such as a keyboard or mouse, it is first stored in the computer's memory. The operating system then generates corresponding instructions based on this information, and these instructions are also stored in memory.
Finally, the CPU will fetch these instructions from memory and start executing them.
2. Decode
When the CPU obtains an instruction from memory in the "Fetch" step, the next step is to decode the instruction.
After obtaining the instruction, the CPU will decode the instruction into a language that only the machine can understand, which is called machine language. After the decoding is complete, the CPU can enter the "Execute" stage,
and actually perform corresponding operations or operations according to the decoded instructions.
3. Execute
In the "Execute" phase, the CPU performs operations based on the instructions obtained in the "Decode" phase. This operation may include mathematical operations (such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division),
logical operations (such as comparing the sizes of two numbers), reading or writing values to memory, and so on.
After completing the "Execute" phase, the CPU enters the "Store" phase, writing the results to memory or other storage areas.
4. Store
The CPU writes the result of the "Execute" phase to memory or to the processor's register. If the results need to be used for subsequent calculations, they are stored in a register for quick access. If the result needs to be stored for a long time or is waiting to be accessed by another device, it is written to memory.
After the "Store" stage is completed, the CPU will start a new round of instruction cycle, and once again take out instructions from memory for decoding, execution, and storage. The cycle continues until the computer is shut down. This is
Core Count, Clock Speed, Multithreading, Cache Memory, and built-in Graphics (Integrated Graphics) are the five important criteria for selecting a processor.
Core Count
The greater the number of cores, the greater the number of tasks the processor can handle at the same time, which is very helpful for multi-tasking and computationally intensive applications such as video editing and 3D rendering.
Clock Speed
Pulse speed is a measure of the "speed" of a processor, measured in Hertz (Hz). The higher the pulse speed of the processor, the more instructions it can execute per second, and therefore the more efficient it is.
Multithreading
Multithreading allows each core to handle two worker threads simultaneously, which allows the processor to perform better on software that is multitasking or multithreaded.
Cache Memory
Cache memory is high-speed memory inside the processor that can temporarily store recently used data and instructions for quick access. The size of the cache directly affects the performance of the processor, but due to its high production cost,
the average consumer processor will only have a limited amount of cache built in.
Integrated Graphics
The built-in graphics processor, also known as the internal display, is mainly used to process and generate the visual output of the computer, including the interface of the computer operating system, web content, video playback, and game images.
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